In this lesson, students practice solving problems that involve proportional relationships and fractions. They see that setting up a table with two rows is an efficient method for making sense of the problem and for deciding what to multiply or divide.

In the first activity, the table is given and students describe how they could use the structure of the table to help solve the problem (MP7). In the next activity, students practice creating such a table for themselves. When students describe their multiplication or division steps, they are encouraged to interpret these operations in terms of finding and using scale factors or the constant of proportionality.

The last activity is optional because it provides an opportunity for additional practice solving problems where no table is given.