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Arrange students in groups of 2. Give students quiet work time and then time to share their work with a partner.
Use Collect and Display to create a shared reference that captures students’ developing mathematical language. Collect the language that students use to discuss the sequences. Display words and phrases, such as “add 10 each time,” “multiply each term by 2,” “geometric sequence,” or “growth factor.”
Here are the values of the first 5 terms of 3 sequences:
If students need help identifying a pattern for the two non-geometric sequences, consider asking:
“What can you say about the change between consecutive terms in the sequence?”
“How could using a table for the term number and term value help you identify the pattern?”
Encourage students to use any language they wish to describe the pattern—they do not need to use an equation at this time.
The purpose of this discussion is to compare different types of sequences and introduce students to the term “arithmetic sequence.”
Direct students’ attention to the reference created using Collect and Display. Ask students to share how sequences and are alike and different. Invite students to borrow language from the display as needed. As they respond, update the reference to include additional phrases. They might offer things like:
Tell students that sequence is an example of an arithmetic sequence. Here are two ways to know a sequence is arithmetic:
Share that the constant in an arithmetic sequence is called the rate of change or common difference. In sequence , the rate of change is 10, because , , , and .
Some students may notice the similarity between an arithmetic sequence and a linear function. Tell these students to hold on to those ideas until the Lesson Synthesis.
Jada and Mai are trying to decide what type of sequence this could be:
| term number | value |
|---|---|
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 6 |
| 5 | 18 |
Jada says: “I think this sequence is geometric because in the value column, each row is 3 times the previous row.”
Mai says: “I don’t think it is geometric. I graphed it, and it doesn’t look geometric.”
Do you agree with Jada or Mai? Explain or show your reasoning.
Use this discussion to make sure students understand how to determine the rate of change of an arithmetic sequence.
Direct students’ attention to the reference created using Collect and Display. Ask students to share their reasoning, displaying any graphs created for all to see. Invite students to borrow language from the display as needed. As they respond, update the reference to include additional phrases. If the idea of slope or average rate of change does not come up, ask students how they could have found the missing points for an arithmetic sequence given only and . Draw in the slope triangle, and show the computation for the average rate of change.