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Andre says, “I know that I can find the distance between two points in the plane by drawing in a right triangle and using the Pythagorean Theorem. But I’m not sure how to find the lengths of the legs of the triangle when I can’t just count the squares on the graph.”
Explain to Andre how he can find the lengths of the legs in the triangle in the image. Then, calculate the distance between points and .
The image shows a circle with its center at and radius of 17 units.
The image shows a circle with its center at and a radius of 13 units.
The diagram shows the point , along with several points that are 5 units away from . The set of all points 5 units away from is a circle with its center at and a radius of 5.
The point appears to be on this circle. To verify, calculate the distance from to . If this distance is 5, then the point is on the circle.
Let stand for the distance, and set up the Pythagorean Theorem: Evaluate the left-hand side to find that . Now is the positive number that squares to make 25, which means really is 5 units away from . This point is on the circle.
The point also looks like it could be on the circle. To find its distance from , we can do a similar calculation: . Evaluating the left side, we get . This means that must be a little more than 5. So does not lie on the circle.
To check if any point is on the circle, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to see if is equal to 52 or 25. Any point that satisfies this condition is on the circle, so the equation for the circle is .
By the same reasoning, a circle with center and radius has equation .