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Priya writes a proof saying:
Consider any 2 parallel lines. Assume they are not horizontal or vertical. Therefore they must pass through the -axis as well as the -axis. This forms 2 right triangles with a second congruent angle. Call the angle . The tangent of is equal for both triangles. Therefore the lines have the same slope.
If students are stuck, suggest they shade the two triangles and label the lengths of the legs of the triangles with arbitrary letters so it’s easier to talk about them.
Invite students to share their reasoning in response to each question. Highlight any students who annotated their image to make their explanations clearer.
After students have shared, ask students these questions about additional slope cases:
Tell students that the converse is also true: if 2 lines have equal slopes, then they are parallel. Add the following theorem to the class reference chart, and ask students to add it to their reference charts:
Lines are parallel if and only if they have equal slopes. (Theorem)
Distribute graph paper to students. Remind students that they can use any form to write equations of lines. Select students with different strategies, such as those described in the Activity Narrative, to share later.
If students struggle with proving that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram, here are some questions to elicit student thinking:
If students aren’t sure how to graph lines, here are some questions to connect to earlier work with lines:
Invite previously selected students to share their equations. Ask students to justify that all of their answers are correct despite looking different. Sequence the discussion of the strategies in the order listed in the Activity Narrative. If possible, record and display the students’ work for all to see.
Connect the different responses to the learning goals by asking questions, such as: "What are some different ways to find the equation of the line through ?"
Next, invite previously selected students to share their proofs that the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Sequence students in order of most common to least common approaches. Invite students to ask clarifying questions as they listen to each other's arguments.