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What do you notice? What do you wonder?
Venn diagram, two overlapping circles. Left circle says birds, feathers, eggs. Right circle says bats, teeth, sleep upside down. Overlapping circle segment says wings, eat insects. Statement 6 legs listed below diagram, outside of circles.
Venn diagram. Largest circle labeled The British Isles. Smaller circle labeled United Kingdom. Overlapping circle labeled Isle of Ireland, half inside United Kingdom, with Northern Ireland listed, and half outside, with Republic of Ireland listed. Inside the United Kingdom circle, not touching Isle of Ireland circle, another small circle labeled Great Britain, with England, Scotland and Wales listed. A small circle at the bottom, partially overlapping The British Isles, with Isle of Man listed within and Guernsey and Jersey listed outside.
The small dots next to the names indicate that the name listed in the diagram is a country.
In many cases, it is useful to talk about the important outcomes in a sample space by naming characteristics that the outcomes share or characteristics that are not in the outcomes.
For example, consider a group of 12 first-year students in college and their choices of science courses.
The circle on the left represents the students taking a chemistry class and the circle on the right represents the students taking a biology class. The region where the circles overlap represents the students taking both a chemistry class and a biology class. The students who are not included in either circle are not taking chemistry or biology.
We can describe some of the groups of students based on the characteristics they share or lack. For example:
While listing the individual students in this situation is not too difficult, many sample spaces are very large and it can be easier to name events based on characteristics rather than listing all the outcomes in the event.