A set of steps that works every time as long as the steps are carried out correctly.

A set of steps used to multiply numbers by place value. Write the numbers vertically, with the digits lined up by place value. Starting with the least place value, multiply the digits in each place of the bottom number by the digits in each place of the top number. Compose units in each place, as needed, representing that unit with a number over the place value to the left of the digit being multiplied. Add the partial products, including composed units.