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A categorical variable is a variable that takes on values that are divided into groups, or categories.
For example, color is a categorical variable that can take on the values, red, blue, green, and so on.
A two-way table is a way of organizing data from two categorical variables in order to investigate the association between them.
This two-way table can be used to study the relationship between age group and cell phone ownership.
| has a cell phone | does not have a cell phone | |
|---|---|---|
| 10–12 years old | 25 | 35 |
| 13–15 years old | 38 | 12 |
| 16–18 years old | 52 | 8 |
A variable is a characteristic of individuals in a population that can take on different values.