In this unit, students multiply multi-digit whole numbers, using the standard algorithm, and begin working toward end-of-grade expectations for fluency. They also find whole-number quotients, with up to four-digit dividends and two-digit divisors.

In IM Grade 4, students used strategies based on place value and the properties of operations to multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and to multiply a pair of two-digit numbers. They decomposed the factors by place value, and used diagrams and algorithms using partial products to record their reasoning. 

Here, students build on those strategies to make sense of the standard algorithm for multiplication. They recognize that it also is based on place value but records the partial products in a condensed way.
 

Han and Elena used different algorithms to find the value of .

Explain to your partner what Han and Elena did. What does the 2 represent in Elena's algorithm?

In grade 4, students also found whole-number quotients, using place-value strategies and the relationship between multiplication and division. They decomposed dividends in various ways and found partial quotients. The numbers they encountered then were limited to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors. In this unit, they extend that work to include two-digit divisors.

As they build their facility with multi-digit multiplication and division, students solve problems about area and volume and reinforce their understanding of these concepts.