The purpose of this How Many Do You See? is for students to visualize a common denominator of two fractions. The diagram can be seen as showing , but it also can be seen as showing . The area diagram provides a way to visualize why the product of their denominators works as a common denominator for two fractions.
Launch
Groups of 2
“¿Cuántos ven? ¿Cómo lo saben?, ¿qué ven?” // “How many do you see? How do you see them?”
Display the image.
1 minute: quiet think time
Activity
Display the image.
“Discutan con su compañero cómo pensaron” // “Discuss your thinking with your partner.”
1 minute: partner discussion
Record responses.
¿Cuántos ves? ¿Cómo lo sabes?, ¿qué ves?
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
Activity Synthesis
“¿Cómo se ve en el diagrama?” // “How does the diagram show ?” ( of the left square and of the right square are shaded.)
“¿Cuál es el valor de ? ¿Cómo lo saben?” // “What is the value of ? How do you know?” (, because there are 11 shaded pieces and each is .)
Activity 1
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
5.NF.A.1
Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators (including mixed numbers) by replacing given fractions with equivalent fractions in such a way as to produce an equivalent sum or difference of fractions with like denominators. For example, . (In general, .)
The purpose of this activity is for students to apply what they have learned about using common denominators to add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators. In a previous lesson, students added two fractions where neither denominator was a multiple of the other, , using a strategy that made sense to them. In this activity students see more complex examples. Having built an understanding that they need to find equivalent fractions with a common denominator students will develop strategies for finding a common denominator (MP7, MP8).
Monitor for students who:
Look at multiples of the denominators and pick a common denominator.
Notice that the product of the denominators is a common denominator of the two fractions.
Representation: Internalize Comprehension. Begin by asking students: ¿Estas expresiones les recuerdan algo que hayamos hecho antes?” // “Do these expressions remind anyone of something we have done before?” Supports accessibility for: Conceptual Processing, Memory
Launch
Groups of 2
Activity
5 minutes: individual work time
5 minutes: partner discussion
Monitor for students who use:
Twelfths as a common denominator to find the value of .
Twenty-fourths as a common denominator to find the value of .
Activity Synthesis
Ask previously selected students to share their responses.
“¿Cómo decidieron cuál denominador común usar?” // “How did you decide which common denominator to use?” (I know that both 4 and 6 are factors of 12, or I know that 4 and 6 are factors of 24 because 24 is .)
“¿Cómo usaron el denominador común para encontrar la suma?” // “How did you use the common denominator to find the sum?” (I found equivalent expressions with 12 or 24 as a denominator, and then I could add the fractions since they had the same denominator.)
“En la próxima actividad, vamos a ver una estrategia general para encontrar un denominador común de dos fracciones” // “In the next activity, we are going to see a general strategy to find a common denominator of two fractions.”
Activity 2
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
5.NF.A.1
Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators (including mixed numbers) by replacing given fractions with equivalent fractions in such a way as to produce an equivalent sum or difference of fractions with like denominators. For example, . (In general, .)
The purpose of this activity is for students to explain why the product of the denominators of two fractions is always a common denominator of the two fractions. Students noticed in the previous activity that there are several possible common denominators. Sometimes it is possible to just see a common denominator. For example, for students might notice that 9 is a common denominator because it is a multiple of 3. It can be convenient, however, to have a strategy that always works, especially for more challenging denominators. After explaining why the product of two denominators is always a common denominator of a pair of fractions (MP3), students practice finding sums and differences of fractions in any way that makes sense to them. This may include:
Using the product of the denominators.
Thinking about each pair of fractions individually.
Both strategies are important. For example, since is equivalent to . The number is probably easier to grasp mentally than the number which is the result when using the product of the denominators.
MLR8 Discussion Supports. Synthesis: Provide students with the opportunity to rehearse with a partner what they will say before they share with the whole class. Advances: Speaking
Launch
Groups of 2
Activity
5 minutes: individual work time
5 minutes: partner work time
Monitor for students who use different denominators for the last sum and the last difference.
Esta es la estrategia de Lin para encontrar el valor de : “Yo sé que es un denominador común, así que lo voy a usar”. ¿La estrategia de Lin para encontrar un denominador común funciona? Explica o muestra cómo razonaste. Después encuentra el valor de .
Encuentra el valor de cada expresión.
Activity Synthesis
Invite students to share how they found the value of
“Comparen su estrategia y el método de Lin. ¿Qué pueden decir?” // “How did your strategy compare to Lin’s method?” (I used the product of the denominators for a common denominator, just like Lin.)
Invite students to share how they found the value of .
“¿La estrategia de Lin también funciona en este caso?” // “Does Lin’s strategy work here, too?” (Yes, I used 30, which is .)
Invite selected students to share their responses for .
Display: and
“¿Estas fracciones son equivalentes? ¿Cómo lo saben?” // “Are these fractions equivalent? How do you know?” (Yes, the numerator and the denominator of the second fraction are 10 times the numerator and the denominator of the first.)
“¿Cuál de estos denominadores prefieren?” // “Which of these denominators do you prefer?” (I like using hundredths because I’m used to them. I like using thousandths because I did not have to think about finding a common denominator. I just took the product of 20 and 50.)
Lesson Synthesis
“Hoy investigamos distintas formas de sumar y restar fracciones” // “Today we investigated different ways to add and subtract fractions.”
Display .
“¿Cómo podemos encontrar el valor de esta expresión?” // “How can we find the value of this expression?” (We can find a common denominator of the two fractions.)
“¿Qué denominadores comunes usaron?” // “What are some common denominators that you used?” (18, 36, 54)
“¿Qué observan acerca de estos denominadores comunes?” // “What do you notice about these common denominators?” (All are multiples of 6. All are multiples of 9.36 is double 18, and 54 is triple 18.)
“¿Cuál denominador usaron para encontrar el valor de ? ¿Por qué escogieron ese denominador?” // “Which denominator did you use to help you find the value of ? Why did you choose that denominator?” (I chose 18 because it is the smallest. I chose 54 because I know that .)
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
5.NF.A.1
Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators (including mixed numbers) by replacing given fractions with equivalent fractions in such a way as to produce an equivalent sum or difference of fractions with like denominators. For example, . (In general, .)