The purpose of this Warm-up is to allow students to connect language to mathematical representation, which will be useful when students make sense of, represent, and solve story problems in a later activity.
This Warm-up gives students opportunities to make sense of problems (MP1).
Launch
Groups of 2
Display and read the story.
“What is the story about?”
30 seconds: quiet think time
Share responses
Read the story again.
“How can you act out this story?”
30 seconds: quiet think time
Activity
“Discuss your thinking with your partner.”
1 minute: partner discussion
Share responses.
Choose a way to represent the story as a class.
Read the story together.
Student Task Statement
5 people work on the computers.
3 more people come to the computers.
How can you act out this story?
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
Activity Synthesis
“What are other ways we could represent this problem?”
As needed, add any new ideas to the chart paper from the previous lesson.
Activity 1
15 mins
Solve a Story Problem
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
1.OA.A.1
Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.See Glossary, Table 1.
The purpose of this activity is for students to solve a story problem on their own and compare the different ways they represent and solve a problem with their classmates. Students revisit and make sense of ways to represent a story problem with drawings and expressions and relate their representations to the meaning of addition. The activity also allows teachers to observe the strategies students use to find the total.
Monitor for and select students with the following approaches to share in the Synthesis:
Represent the story with counters and count all.
Represent the story with drawings and count all or count on from 6.
Represent the story with and count on from 6.
The approaches are sequenced from more concrete to more abstract in order to invite all students to make sense of ways to represent addition. Aim to elicit both key mathematical ideas and a variety of student voices, especially students who haven’t shared recently.
Representation: Internalize Comprehension. Synthesis: Invite students to identify which details were the most important to solve the problems. Display this sentence frame: “The next time I solve a story problem, I will pay attention to . . .“ Supports accessibility for: Attention, Conceptual Processing
Launch
Groups of 2
Give students access to 10-frames and connecting cubes or counters.
Display and read the story.
30 seconds: quiet think time
“Tell your partner what happened in the story.”
1 minute: partner discussion
Monitor for students who accurately retell the story without revealing the answer. Choose at least one student to share with the class.
Activity
Reread the story.
“Solve the problem on your own. Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, words, or objects.”
4–5 minutes: independent work time
As you monitor for the approaches listed in the Activity Narrative, consider asking:
“What did you do to represent the story?”
“How does your ______ match what happened in the story?”
“How could you use numbers to represent what happened in the story?”
“Share your thinking with your partner. Be sure that you both agree on the answer.”
2 minutes: partner discussion
Student Task Statement
6 people come to story time.
3 more people join the group.
How many people are at story time now?
Activity Synthesis
Invite previously selected students to share in the given order. Record or display their work for all to see.
Connect students’ approaches by asking:
“How are these ways of representing the story the same? How are they different?”
If no students use expressions to represent the story, say: “Yesterday we looked at using expressions like or to represent stories. What expression would we write to represent this story?”
Connect students’ approaches to the learning goal by asking:
“How do each of these representations match the story?”
“Explain to your partner how you know this story matches addition.”
Activity 2
20 mins
How Did You Solve It?
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
1.OA.A.1
Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.See Glossary, Table 1.
The purpose of this activity is for students to represent Add To and Take From, Result Unknown stories and compare the different ways they count to solve the problems. Students should continue to make sense of and represent each story problem in a way that makes sense to them (MP1).
In addition to the different ways students represent the problem, monitor for the different ways students count to find the answer. Students may count out each part of the problem, and then count again to find the answer. Others may begin to count on or count back. Although some students may use known facts or other mental strategies, choose counting strategies that match the actions in the story to share in the Synthesis. Students will continue to progress toward more advanced counting and computation strategies throughout the unit. The most important thing is for students to make sense of different strategies and relate the strategies to the different parts of the story (MP2).
MLR6 Three Reads. Keep books or devices closed. To launch this activity, display only the first problem stem, without revealing the question. “We are going to read this story problem three times.”
After the 1st Read: “Tell your partner what happened in the story.”
After the 2nd Read: “What are all the things we can count in this story?” Reveal the question.
After the 3rd Read: “What are different ways we can solve this problem?”
Repeat with the other three problems.
Advances: Reading, Representing
Launch
Groups of 2
Give students access to 10-frames and connecting cubes or two-color counters.
Activity
Display and read the story about the librarian.
30 seconds: quiet think time
“Tell your partner what happened in the story.”
1 minute: partner discussion
Monitor for students who accurately retell the story without revealing the answer. Choose at least one student to share with the class.
Reread the story.
“Solve the problem with your partner. Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, words, or objects.”
2–3 minutes: independent work time
Monitor for students who:
Count out 9 objects or drawings, remove 2, and count what’s left.
Count out 9 objects or drawings and count back as they remove 2 without counting all again (9 … 8, 7).
Use objects (including fingers) or drawings to record counting back from 9 to 7.
“Share your thinking with your partner. Be sure that you both agree on the answer.”
2 minutes: partner discussion
Repeat the steps with the second story.
Monitor for students who:
Count out 7 objects, then 2 objects, and count all.
Use objects (including fingers) or drawings to record counting on from 7.
Student Task Statement
9 books are on a cart.
The librarian takes 2 of the books.
How many books are still on the cart?
Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, or words.
7 children work on an art project.
2 children join them.
How many children work on the art project now?
Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, or words.
Student Response
Activity Synthesis
Invite previously identified students to share how they represented and solved each problem.
Annotate student counting by labeling objects or drawings or listing the numbers they say when the count (9, 8, 7). Draw a box around the number that represents the answer.
“How are these strategies for finding the answer the same? How are they different?”
“How do these strategies match what happened in the story?”
Lesson Synthesis
“Today we solved problems where we started with a number of people or things and some more people or things were added. We solved other problems where we started with some things and then some things were taken away.”
Display the problem about the art project and collected samples of student work.
Display .
“What are some of the different ways we showed what happened in this story? (We drew pictures, wrote expressions, and showed how to count.)
“We saw different ways people counted to find the answer. Some people drew to show all the objects and counted all of them.”
Invite a previously selected student who counted on from 7 to share their strategy.
“Tell your partner how ___ found how many kids were working on an art project in your own words.”
Have feedback on the curriculum?
Help us improve by sharing suggestions or reporting issues.
Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.See Glossary, Table 1.
If students show they are thinking of the quantities in the story but may lose track of the action (for example, they remove 3 or add 3 more than one time), consider rereading each line of the story and asking:
“What did you do to show there were 6 people at story time? What did you do to show 3 more came?”
“What can you do now to answer ‘How many people are at story time?’”