The purpose of this Number Talk is to elicit strategies and understandings students have for the structure of adding within 20. These understandings help students develop fluency and will be helpful later in this lesson when students use relationships between addends to make equivalent expressions and find sums.
Launch
Display one expression.
“Give me a signal when you have an answer and can explain how you got it.”
“Who can restate _____'s reasoning in a different way?”
Activity 1
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
1.OA.B.3
Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract.Students need not use formal terms for these properties.Examples: If is known, then is also known. (Commutative property of addition.) To add , the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so . (Associative property of addition.)
The purpose of this activity is for students to analyze three different methods for solving , two of which involve decomposing an addend to make a known fact. The third method involves adding 1 to make a known fact then taking 1 away from the sum.
Throughout this activity, students must justify and explain the work of the given characters. Students share their thinking and have opportunities to listen to and critique the reasoning of their peers (MP3).
This activity uses MLR8 Discussion Supports. Advances: listening, speaking, representing
Launch
Groups of 2
Give students access to double 10-frames and connecting cubes or two-color counters.
Activity
Read the Task Statement.
“Use double 10-frames and counters to determine how each method works. Show your thinking in a way that others will& understand.”
10 minutes: partner work time
3 minutes: partner discussion
Monitor for students who can explain each method using 10-frames.
Lin, Han, and Kiran find the value of .
Lin thinks about .
Han thinks about .
Kiran thinks about .
Explain how each student’s method works.
Show your thinking using drawings, numbers, or words.
Activity Synthesis
Invite previously identified students to share their explanations.
MLR8 Discussion Supports
“Who can restate what _____ shared in their own words?”
30 seconds: quiet think time
Consider providing students time to restate what they heard to a partner before selecting one or two students to share with the class.
Activity 2
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
1.OA.C.6
Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., ); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., ); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that , one knows ); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding by creating the known equivalent ).
The purpose of this activity is for students to find sums within 20, using addition methods flexibly based on the numbers in the problem. Students may use any method they choose. For example, for a sum such as , students may choose to count on. For , students may apply the commutative and associative properties, and think . Students may use known facts and adjust addends as needed. Students first work independently to find each sum and then explain their method to their partner. During the Activity Synthesis, the teacher records student methods as equations.
MLR8 Discussion Supports. Synthesis: Display sentence frames to support whole-class discussion:
“My favorite equation is _____ because. . . .”
“First, I _____ because . . . .”
“My approach and _____’s approach are alike because . . . .”
Advances: Speaking, Conversing
Action and Expression: Internalize Executive Functions. Check for understanding by inviting students to rephrase directions in their own words. Supports accessibility for: Memory, Organization
Launch
Groups of 2
Give each group a set of addition cards from the previous lesson and access to double 10-frames and connecting cubes or two-color counters.
Display card .
“What is the sum? How do you know?” (11. I can count on from 6. It’s the same as . It’s .)
1 minute: quiet think time
30 seconds: partner discussion
Record responses.
“You have learned a lot of different ways to find sums. Now you’re going to choose the best way for you to solve each problem.”
Activity Synthesis
“What is your favorite equation? Explain how you found the sum.”
“Did someone find that sum in a different way?”
Share two or three equations and methods, as time allows.
Lesson Synthesis
Give students access to 10-frames and two-color counters.
“Today, we used different methods to find sums.”
Display .
“I saw some different ways students thought about this problem.”
Display:
“Pick one of those ways and explain to your partner what the student did.” (In the first one, they thought about and then added 1 more. In the second one, they broke the 6 into a 3 and a 3 so they could combine a 3 with a 7 to make 10. In the last one, they broke the 7 into a 3 and a 4 so that they could combine 6 and 4 to make 10.)
Standards Alignment
Building On
Addressing
1.OA.C.6
Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., ); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., ); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that , one knows ); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding by creating the known equivalent ).
“Choose your favorite equation. Show how you found the value using drawings, numbers, or words.”
2 minutes: independent work time
Pick a card.
Each partner finds the value on their own.
Each partner gives a signal when they are ready to explain their thinking.
Each partner shares their thinking.
Each partner writes the equation to show the sum.
Choose your favorite equation.
Show how you found the value using drawings, numbers, or words.
Student Response
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Advancing Student Thinking
If students count all to find the sum, consider asking,
“How did you find the sum?”
“How could you find the sum without counting all of the circles?”
1.OA.C.6
Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., ); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., ); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that , one knows ); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding by creating the known equivalent ).